( 1 ) Senior General Than Shwe and Daw Kyaing Kyaing and delegation arrive back from Brunei

Yangon, 6 Nov -The Myanmar delegation led by Senior General Than Shwe, Chairman of the State Peace and Development Council and Prime Minister of the Union of Myanmar, and wife Daw Kyaing Kyaing arrived back here from Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei, by special flight at 4.30 pm today after attending the Seventh ASEAN Summit and the ASEAN Heads of State/Government and Heads of State/Government of the People's Republic of China, Japan and the Republic of Korea Summit held in Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei, from 5 to 6 November at the invitation of His Majesty Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah, the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan of Brunei Darussalam.

Senior General Than Shwe and Daw Kyaing Kyaing and delegation were welcomed back at Yangon International Airport by Vice-Chairman of the State Peace and Development Council Deputy Commander-in-Chief of Defence Services Commander-in-Chief (Army) General Maung Aye and wife Daw Mya Mya San, Secretary-3 of the State Peace and Development Council Lt-Gen Win Myint and wife Daw Khin Cho Oo, the wife of the Commander-in-Chief (Navy) Vice-Admiral Kyi Min, Commander-in-Chief (Air) Maj-Gen Myint Swe, Deputy Prime Minister Vice-Admiral Maung Maung Khin, Deputy Prime Minister Lt-Gen Tin Tun, Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Military Affairs Lt-Gen Tin Hla, member of the State Peace and Development Council Commander of Yangon Command Maj-Gen Khin Maung Than and their wives, ministers, senior military officers of the Ministry of Defence, heads of diplomatic missions in Myanmar led by Dean of the Diplomatic Corps Ambassador of Laos Mr Ly Bounkham and wife, resident representatives of UN agencies and their wives and military and civilian officials. Members of the delegation Secretary-1 of the State Peace and Development Council Lt-Gen Khin Nyunt and wife Dr Daw Khin Win Shwe, Minister for Foreign Affairs U Win Aung and wife Daw San Yon, Minister at the State Peace and Development Council Chairman's Office Brig-Gen Abel, Deputy Minister for Foreign Affairs U Khin Maung Win, Deputy Minister for Health Dr Kyaw Myint and officials of the Ministry of Defence and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs also arrived back here on the same flight.

Senior General Than Shwe attends Seventh ASEAN Summit, ASEAN Heads of State/Government and Heads of State/Government of PRC, Japan and ROK Summit

Yangon, 6 Nov-The Seventh ASEAN Summit was held at the International Convention Centre in Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei on 5 November. Chairman of the State Peace and Development Council Prime Minister of the Union of Myanmar Senior General Than Shwe attended the summit. Chairman of the State Peace and Development Council Prime Minister of the Union of Myanmar Senior General Than Shwe and the ASEAN Heads of State/Government arrived at International Convention Centre at 8.30 am local time. They were welcomed by His Majesty Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah of Brunei Darussalam.

 The ASEAN Heads of State/Government had documentary photos taken. The Seventh ASEAN Summit was held at Dewan Muzakarah Hall of the International Convention Centre at 9 am. Present were His Majesty Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah of Brunei Darus-salam, Prime Minister of Cambodia Mr Samdech Hun Sen, President of the Republic of Indonesia Madame Megawati Soekarnoputri, Prime Minister of Lao People's Democratic Republic Mr Boungnang Vorachith, Prime Minister of Malaysia Dato' Seri Dr Mahathir Bin Mohamad, Chairman of the State Peace and Development Council Prime Minister of the Union of Myanmar Senior General Than Shwe, President of the Republic of the Philippines Madame Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, Prime Minister of Singapore Mr Goh Chok Tong, Prime Minister of Thailand Dr Thaksin Shinawatra and Prime Minister of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam Mr Phan Van Khai. Before the summit, Heads of State/Government of the People's Republic of China, Japan and the Republic of Korea had documentary photos taken.

 The ASEAN Heads of State/Government and Heads of State/Government of the People's Republic of China, Japan and the Republic of Korea attended the luncheon at Royal Lounge-1. The meeting of the ASEAN Heads of State/Government and Heads of State/Government of the People's Republic of China, Japan and the Republic of Korea was held at Dewan Muzakarah Hall in the afternoon. Present were the ASEAN Heads of State/Government, Chinese Premier Mr Zhu Rongji, Japanese Prime Minister Mr Junichiro Koizumi and President of ROK Mr Kim Dae Jung.

 In the evening, Chairman of the State Peace and Development Council Prime Minister of the Union of Myanmar Senior General Than Shwe and wife Daw Kyaing Kyaing attended the dinner hosted in honour of the ASEAN Heads of State/Government and their wives, Heads of State/Government of the People's Republic of China, Japan and the Republic of Korea and their wives by His Majesty Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah of Brunei Darussalam.

 The ASEAN Heads of State/Government and Heads of State/Government of the People's Republic of China, Japan and the Republic of Korea and their wives arrived at the International Convention Centre. They were welcomed by His Majesty Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah of Brunei Darussalam, Her Majesty Isteri Pengiram Anak Hajah Saleha and Her Royal Highness Pengiram Isteri Hajah Mariam. Present at the dinner were Chairman of the State Peace and Development Council Prime Minister of the Union of Myanmar Senior General Than Shwe and wife Daw Kyaing Kyaing, Prime Minister of Cambodia Mr Samdech Hun Sen, President of the Republic of Indonesia Madame Megawati Soekarnoputri, Prime Minister of Lao People's Democratic Republic Mr Boungnang Vorachith, Prime Minister of Malaysia Dato' Seri Dr Mahathir Bin Mohamad, President of the Republic of the Philippines Madame Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, Prime Minister of Singapore Mr Goh Chok Tong, Prime Minister of Thailand Dr Thaksin Shina-watra, Prime Minister of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam Mr Phan Van Khai, Chinese Premier Mr Zhu Rongji, Japanese Prime Minister Mr Junichiro Koizumi and President of ROK Mr Kim Dae Jung and their wives, Secretary-1 of the State Peace and Development Council Lt-Gen Khin Nyunt and wife, ASEAN Foreign Ministers and Economic Ministers, senior officials, the ASEAN Secretary-General and guests.

On 6 November, the ASEAN Heads of State/Government met Heads of State/Government of the PeopleÕs Republic of China, Japan and the Republic of Korea separately at Dewan Muzakarah Hall of the International Convention Centre. The ASEAN Heads of State/Government met Heads of State/Government of the People's Republic of China, Japan and the Republic of Korea arrived at the International Convention Centre at 8.30 am. They were welcomed by His Majesty Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah of Brunei Darussalam. The summit of the ASEAN Heads of State/Government and the Prime Minister of the People's Republic of China was held at Dewan Muzakarah Hall of the International Convention Centre.

The summit was attended by the ASEAN (See page 7) Senior General Than Shwe attends (from page 1) Heads of State/Government and Chinese Premier Mr Zhu Rongji. Afterwards, the second meeting of the ASEAN Heads of State/Government and Japanese Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi was held. Next, the meeting of the ASEAN Heads of State/Government and the President of Republic of Korea was held at Dewan Muzakarah Hall. Present were the ASEAN Heads of State/Government and President of Republic of Korea Mr Kim Dae Jung.

On 5 and 6 November, Chairman of the State Peace and Development Council Prime Minister of the Union of Myanmar Senior General Than Shwe took part in the discussions at the Seventh ASEAN Summit and meeting of ASEAN and China, Japan and Korea (ASEAN+3). He expressed the view that at this time of global economic down turn, cooperation among the ASEAN countries and between ASEAN and the plus 3 countries must be increased.

New ideas and innovative measures must be adapted. Moreover, he said that priority must be accorded to selected programmes and that Myanmar would take in active part in the implementation of these regional cooperative measures. ASEAN leaders at the Seventh ASEAN Summit adopted the " 2001 ASEAN Declaration on Joint Action to Counter Terrorism and a joint declaration of HIV/AIDS."

 While in Brunei, Chairman of the State Peace and Development Council Prime Minister of the Union of Myanmar Senior General Than Shwe met Prime Minister of Thailand Dr Thaksin Shinawatra and President of the Republic of the Philippines Madame Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo on 4 November. Senior General Than Shwe also met with Prime Minister of Japan Mr Junichiro Koizumi on 5 November. Exchange of views on bilateral and regional matters were carried out in a friendly and cordial atmosphere. Bilateral relations between Myanmar and those countries were further consolidated.

( 2 ) Senior General Than Shwe attends working dinner for Heads of State/Government of ASEAN

 Yangon, 6 Nov -Chairman of the State Peace and Development Council Prime Minister of the Union of Myanmar Senior General Than Shwe attended the working dinner for the Heads of State/Government of ASEAN held at Royal Lounge-1 of the International Convention Centre in Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei, on 4 November. Heads of State/Government of ASEAN member nations were welcomed by King of Brunei Darussalam Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah at the International Convention Centre.

 The dinner was attended by Chairman of the State Peace and Development Council Prime Minister of the Union of Myanmar Senior General Than Shwe, King of Brunei Darussalam Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah, Prime Minister of Cambodia Samdech Hun Sen, President of the Republic of Indonesia Madame Megawati Soekarnoputri, Prime Minister of the Lao People's Democratic Republic Mr Boungnang Vorachith, Prime Minister of Malaysia Dato Seri Dr Mahathir Bin Mohamed, President of the Republic of the Philippines Madame Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo, Prime Minister of Republic of Singapore Mr Goh Chok Tong, Prime Minister of Kingdom of Thailand Dr Thaksin Shinawatra, Prime Minister of Socialist Republic of Vietnam Mr Phan Van Khai, Minister at the State Peace and Development Council Chairman's Office Brig-Gen Abel, Minister for Foreign Affairs U Win Aung, the foreign affairs ministers and commerce ministers of ASEAN member nations, the Secretary-General of ASEAN and invited guests. The heads of State/Government of ASEAN member nations had dinner together and made discussions cordially.

Senior General Than Shwe arrives in Brunei to attend Seventh ASEAN Summit and meeting of ASEAN Heads of State/Government and Heads of State/Government of PRC, Japan and ROK

 Yangon, 6 Nov-At the invitation of His Majesty Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah, the Sultan Brunei Darussalam, Myanmar delegation led by Chairman of the State Peace and Development Council Prime Minister of the Union of Myanmar Senior General Than Shwe and wife Daw Kyaing Kyaing accompanied by State Peace and Development Council Secretary-1 Lt-Gen Khin Nyunt and entourage, left Yangon on 4 November morning by special flight to attend the Seventh ASEAN Summit and the meeting of ASEAN Heads of State/Government and Heads of State/Government of the People's Republic of China, Japan and the Republic of Korea to be held in Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei on 5 November.

They arrived in Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei, at 1 pm local standard time on 5 November. Senior General Than Shwe and wife Daw Kyaing Kyaing and party were welcomed at the airport by Brunei Minister for Communication Hon Pehin Dato Haji Zakaria bin Datu Mahawangsa Haji Sulaiman, Head of Protocol Department Mr Zainidi bin Haji Sidup and officials, Myanmar Ambassador to Brunei U Than Tun, wife Daw Kyin Swi, embassy staff and families. Then, the Senior General Than Shwe and party proceeded to the Empire Hotel, it is learnt.

( 3 ) Minister receives UNFPA official

 Yangon, 6 Nov - Minister for Immigration and Population U Saw Tun received Country Director, (Myanmar) of United Nations Fund for Population Activities (UNFPA) Dr Sheila Macrae at his office at 3 pm today. Also present were Deputy Minister U Maung Aung, Director-General of Immigration and National Registration Department Col Maung Htay, Director-General of Population Department Col Tin Yi and officials.

UMFCCI President receives guests

Yangon, 6 Nov - President of the Union of Myanmar Federation of Chambers of Commerce and Industry received Country Chairman Mr Philip Smile and Director Mr Robert C Kwok of Jardine Matheson Holdings Ltd based in Thailand and Hong Kong, at UMFCCI yesterday afternoon. They cordially discussed matters relating to organizational set-up and functions of UMFCCI, cooperation in economic and trade, prospects on investment and export of agricultural products.

Minister receives PRC delegation

Yangon, 6 Nov - Minister for industry-1 U Aung Thaung received President Assistant of China Metallurgical Construction (Group) Corporation Mr Xiangchun Xu and party at his office at 1 pm today. Present at the call were Director-General of Directorate of Industries U Tin Hlaing, Director-General of Directorate of Regional Industrial Cooperation and Industrial Inspection U San Kyi, Managing Director of Myanma Paper and Chemical Industries U Than Shwe and General Manager U Thein Win and Head of Office of the Ministry U Myint Swe.

SRV delegation studies Myanmar's drug elimination, rehabilitation

Yangon, 6 Nov - A 14-member Vietnamese delegation led by Vice-Chairman of Hanoi City People's Committee Mr Nguyen Quoc Trieu arrived here by air this morning to study drug elimination and rehabilitation projects in Myanmar. They were welcomed at the airport by member of Central Committee for Drug Abuse Control Chairman of the Working Committee for Control and Eliminate Deputy Director-General of Myanmar Police Force Police Brig-Gen Zaw Win and officials. In the afternoon, the delegation called on member of CCDAC Deputy Minister for Home Affairs Brig-Gen Thura Myint Maung at Drug Elimination Museum. Police Brig-Gen Zaw Win and officials were also present on the occasion . Officials of the working bodies under the CCDAC explained the drug elimination and rehabilitation tasks. The delegation visited the museum. The Vietnamese guests will stay in Myanmar from 6 to 9 November.

Health Minister receives guests

Yangon, 6 Nov - Minister for Health Maj-Gen Ket Sein received Professor Alain Patel, Chairman of AMFA of France, at his office at 11 am today. Also present at the call were Deputy Minister for Health Professor Dr Mya Oo and officials of the ministry.

Mayor U Ko Lay receives guests

Yangon, 6 Nov - Chairman of Yangon City Development Committee Mayor U Ko Lay received a business delegation led by Joint-Chairman of the Industry and Economic Group of Ronzu of Jiangsu Province, China, Mr Mei Cuizhen, who is currently here at his invitation, at his office at 10.30 am today. Also present at the call were Secretary of YCDC Col Myint Aung, committee member U Aung Soe and head of the Administration Department U Myint Swe. They cordially discussed matters related to development tasks.

( 4 )  Soya-bean sauce factory inspected

 Yangon, 6 Nov- Minister for Industry-1 U Aung Thaung, Deputy Minister Brig-Gen Thein Tun and officials inspected soya-bean sauce and vinegar factory of Myanma Foodstuff Industries on Yangon-Insein Road in Hline Township this morning. The minister inspected production of soy-bean milk, boiler and storage of fuel. He also inspected the production process of soy-bean milk. Next, he inspected production of fresh cloth towel and cold towel at bandage factory No 26 in Mayangon Township. He gave instructions on cultivation of pepper under shade trees and boosting production. The minister also presented gifts to service personnel who have 30-year service and above.

CPT Ministry holds Kathina robe-offering ceremony

 Yangon, 6 Nov -The families of the Ministry of Communications, Posts and Telegraphs held its fourth Kathina robes-offering ceremony at the Dhammayon of the ministry on Arzani Beikman Road at 5.30 am today. Minister for CPT Brig-Gen Thein Zaw and wife Daw Mu Mu Win attended the ceremony and presented offertories to members of the Sangha.

 Also present at the ceremony were Maha Visuddhayon Kyaungtaik Sayadaw Tipitakadhara Dhammabandagarika Agga Maha Pandita Sayadaw Bhaddanta Sirindabivumsa, Shwepyitha Township Kan Oo Kyaung Sayadaw Bhaddanta Pandita and members of the Sangha, Managing Director of Myanma Posts and Telecommunications U Maung Maung Tin and wife, Director-General of Directorate of Telecommunications U Kyi Than and wife, officials, staff and families.

Minister Brig-Gen Thein Zaw and wife Daw Mu Mu Win and the congregation offered " soon" to the Sayadaws and members of the Sangha. Then, Sayadaw Baddanta Sirindabivumsa invested the congregation with the Five Precepts.

 Next, Sayadaws and members of the Sangha recited Parittas. Later, the minister and wife presented kathina robes to Shwepyitha Township Kan Oo Kyaung Sayadaw Baddanta Pandita. The managing director, the director-general and departmental heads presented robes and offertories to the Sayadaws and members of the Sangha. Afterwards, Tipitaka-dhara Dhammabandagarika Agga Maha Pandita Sayadaw Baddanta Sirindabivumsa delivered a sermon, followed by sharing of merits gained. Then, the ceremony came to a close.

Tyre and Rubber factory inspected

Yangon, 6 Nov - Minister for Industry-2 Maj-Gen Saw Lwin, accompanied by officials, arrived at No 1 Tyre and Rubber Factory in Thaton, Mon State, and inspected new moulds for car tyres, chosen site for new bicycle tyre plant on 4 November morning. He heard the reports on preparation for production of new style tyres and extended production of bicycle tyres by Managing Director of Myanma Tyre and Rubber Industries U Oo Zun and General Manager of the factory U Myint Naing. The Minister inspected compressor house, water treatment plant, and chilling unit, production of car tyres, warehouse and gave instructions on quality products and extended production of bicycle tyres. He also gave instructions on boosting of production, timely arrival of raw materials, and minimizing of expenditures to the officials at the meeting room of the factory.

Transport Sub-committee meets

Yangon, 6 Nov - The second coordination meeting of Transport Sub-committee for Orgainzing the Ceremony to Honour Independence Mawgun Award Winners was held at the meeting hall of the Ministry of Transport at 10 am today. Present were Chairman of the Transport Sub-committee Minister for Transport Maj-Gen Hla Myint Swe, Deputy Minister Brig-Gen Kyaw Myint, Secretary of the Sub-committee Col Nyan Tun Aung and members of the sub-committee. The chairman of the Sub-committee delivered an opening speech. Then, Secretary Col Nyan Tun Aung reported on preparations for transport in detail. Then, members of the Sub-committee, officials of Myanmar Airways, Bandoola Transport and Road Transport reported on the tasks being carried out. The meeting then ended with concluding remarks by the minister.

( 5 ) Minister inspects public health laboratory

Yangon, 6 Nov-Minister for Health Maj-Gen Ket Sein and Deputy Minister Professor Dr Mya Oo inspected public health laboratory on Mawguntaik Street in Dagon Township this morning. The minister and party inspected virus unit where Deputy Director (Lab) Dr Tin Nyunt, reported on functions of the unit and future tasks. The minister fulfilled the requirements for human resource development department. The minister and party inspected labs on dengue haemorrhagic fever, AIDS, hepatitis, polio and rabies and bacteriology, TB lab, parasitic unit and diagnosis unit and teaching in the lecture hall. The minister gave instructions on establishment of a laboratory of international standard.

10th Medical Specialties Conference on 16-19 November

Yangon, 6 Nov- The 10th Medical Specialties Conference of the Myanmar Medical Association will be held at the hall of the association on Theinbyu Road in Mingala Taungnyunt Township here from 16 to 19 November. Registration can be made at the office of the association starting from 15 November during office hours.

Research Technology Course opened

Yangon, 6 Nov - The opening ceremony of the Research Technology Course of the Medical Research Department (Lower Myanmar), the Ministry of Health, was held at the hall of the department on Ziwaka Street in Dagon Township here this morning, with an opening address by Minister for Health Maj-Gen Ket Sein.

Also present on the occasion were Deputy Minister for Health Prof Dr Mya Oo, Director of Medical Services Brig-Gen Mya Thein Han of the Ministry of Defence, the directors-general and deputy directors-general of departments under the ministry, rectors form institutes of medicine, directors, professors/heads of departments, medical super-intendents and trainees. The minister made a speech at the opening ceremony. He said that the course is opened to be one of the programmes that assists dissemination of research technology, and it will enhance the research capability of the ministry. Systematic mastering in all skills including medical research technology is important, and all researches are to be applied to solve the health care problems, he added. Altogether 81 trainees are attending the three-day course.

Hospital Management Diploma Course No 5 of Medical Science Department concludes

Yangon, 6 Nov -Hospital Management Diploma Course No 5 of the Medical Science Department of the Ministry of Health concluded at the meeting hall of MSD on Bogyoke Aung San Street this afternoon. Present were Minister for Health Maj-Gen Ket Sein, Deputy Minister Professor Dr Mya Oo, directors-general of the departments under the Ministry, departmental officials, trainees. The minister made a speech and presented certificates to the trainees. A total of 27 trainees attended the six-month course.

Myanmar Iodine Deficiency Control Committee meets

Yangon, 6 Nov -The Myanmar Central Committee for Iodine Deficiency Control held its meeting at the meeting hall of the Ministry of Health on Pyidaungsu Yeiktha Road yesterday. Present were Minister for Health Maj-Gen Ket Sein, Deputy Minister Professor Dr Mya Oo, directors-general of departments under the Ministry, Managing Director of Myanma Salt and Marine Chemicals Enterprise of the Ministry of Mines U Saw Win, officials and specialists. The minister made a speech on the occasion. Director-General of the Health Department Dr Wan Maung reported on work carried out by the Ministry of Health for Iodine Deficiency Elimination Project. Director (Public Health) of the Health Department Dr Htay Lwin reported on extension of Myanmar Central Committee for Iodine Deficiency Control and work committee, and organizing Myanmar Iodine Deficiency Elimination Day. Managing Director U Saw Win reported on work carried out by the Ministry of Mines for the Project. Then, a general round of discussions followed, and resolutions for future tasks were passed. The meeting came to an end with the concluding remarks by the minister.

( 6 )  Myodaw FM broadcasting programme inspected

Yangon, 6 Nov - Chairman of Yangon City Development Committee Mayor U Ko Lay inspected Myodaw FM broadcasting programme of YCDC at the City Hall this morning. Officials reported him on organizational set up of the studios, installation of transmitters, functions of the control room and test broadcasting of the programmes. The station will give priority to broadcasting traffic control, news, YCDC's undertakings and public entertainment programmes. Beginning 1 November, it is broadcasting programmes from 10 am to noon and from 2 pm to 4 pm daily.

Ceremony held to pay homage to Buddha images of Phaungdaw Oo Pagoda

Yangon, 6 Nov - The Buddha images of Phaungdaw Oo Pagoda in Inlay arrived back at Sankyaungdaw after being conveyed for public obeisance in the Inlay Lake region for 18 days. The decorated barge carrying the Buddha images left the pagoda in Inlay, Nyaungshwe Township, southern Shan State, on 18 October and arrived back at the sankyaungdaw at the pagoda on 4 November morning.

The ceremony to pay obeisance to the images was held at the pagoda, attended by Chairman of Shan State Peace and Development Council Commander of Eastern Command Maj-Gen Maung Bo, Deputy Commander Col Myint Aung, senior military officers, division level officials, Patron of Shan State Maternal and Child Welfare Association Supervisory Committee Daw Khin Lay Myint and members, members of social organizations, departmental personnel, pilgrims from far and near, local people and tourists. The images were conveyed back to the pagoda on board the Karaweik Barge which was led by the ceremonial " soon " offering boat and Soondawgyi Karaweik Barge. Phaungdaw Oo Pagoda Ovadacariya Sayadaws led by Hlaingkyu Sayadaw Agga Maha Pandita Bhaddanta Mahinda conveyed the images to the pagoda from the barge.

Commander Maj-Gen Maung Bo, Deputy Commander Col Myint Aung and officials conveyed the images to the Sankyaungdaw. The public paid obeisance to the images and donated cash towards the pagoda. After the images were placed at the Sankyaungdaw, the commander and party offered flowers, water, lights and incense to them. The public also offered flowers, water, lights, incense and Shwethingan to the images. An Inlay Traditional boat race was then held. The commander and officials presented prizes to the winners. Together with officials, the commander inspected progress in construction of Phaungdaw Oo Dhammayon at the pagoda. Afterwards, the commander and party paid respects to State Ovadacariya Sayadaw Agga Maha Pandita Abhidhaja Maha Rattha Guru Abhidhaja Agga Maha Saddhammajotika Bhaddanta Vimalabhivamsa at Kangyi Pariyatti Sarthintaik in Nyaungshwe. They also presented offertories to the Sayadaw.